论诉权与实体权利的合一与分流——从罗马法的Actio开始直至近代的路径追问

随着19世纪实体法、程序法正式分道扬镳,实体权利与诉权各自进入了大体独立的轨道。然而,在此之前两者的关系并非如此。详细地展示其合、分进程的历史脉络,尝试描摹出此一基础课题的谱系,可以为学说的进一步讨论提供基础。     

农民、就业与法律父爱主义——以《就业促进法》为例

在现代化转型的大背景下,农民就业成为涉及全局的大问题,也是相关立法必须解决的难题。如果立法中的规定强调政府主导而不注重权利保护,就可能导致法律父爱主义的倾向。《就业促进法》浓厚的法律父爱主义色彩埋下了政府裁量权过大、农民就业权受侵蚀等隐患。为此,应彰显农民的就业权利和自由,以理性、确定和比例三原则来规制政府行为,淡化甚至褪去立法的父爱主义色彩,走出价值悖论的迷宫,使该法善始善终,最终实现其促进就业的目的。     

探析我国刑事诉讼中测谎权的配置问题

我国刑事诉讼中的测谎权是一种权力,单向配置给追诉机关.这一配置格局既忽视了测谎技术在刑事诉讼中的保护无辜功能,违背了刑事诉讼中控辩平等的基本原则,削弱了辩方的举证权和辩护权,也不能满足被追诉人单方主动提出测谎的现实需求.因此,我国刑事诉讼中的测谎权应当重新配置,赋予被追诉人有条件的独立测谎申请权,坚持测谎申请权与测谎决定权的结合.     

The right to vote and nomadic voter enrolment

What model of voter enrolment is appropriate for states with nomadic minority populations? The present paper examines this question with reference to an equality-based, moral right to vote and considers four models that track some of the different institutional strategies that have been developed by states with transient populations. The paper shows that the right to vote is compatible neither with a model that makes permanent residence in a constituency an absolute condition for voter enrolment and so excludes nomads from the electoral process, nor with a model that enables nomadic voter enrolment but restricts the number of nomads that can enrol in a single constituency. But the right is, subject to certain caveats, consistent with a model that enables nomads to enrol in a constituency of their choice and, as well, with a model that enables nomads to enrol and vote in a distinct, non-territorial constituency.     

Electoral volatility and parties’ ideological responsiveness

For a number of decades now, scholars have been indicating that ties between citizens and parties are eroding. As a consequence, electoral behaviour has become more volatile and also more unpredictable. The consequences of this process of change on parties’ strategic behaviour have, however, received little attention. In this article, the impact of dealignment on parties’ strategic behaviour is examined, with the focus being on the extent to which parties are responsive to the mean voter. The expectation of dealignment allowing parties ‘to move around more freely’ leads to the hypothesis that parties are more responsive in a context of dealignment. The analyses provide evidence that is in line with this expectation. Ideological responsiveness is conditioned by the level of volatility in the electorate. The conclusion to draw from these results is that dealignment, which profoundly affects voters’ behaviour, leads parties to become more responsive to the mean voter.     

浅议“蒙面证人”制度

“蒙面证人”制度是一种隐匿证人身份或声音等形式的作证方式，主要目的是保护证人的人身安全。我国刑事诉讼法第六十二条规定的证人保护制度中就包含了“蒙面证人”制度的内容，这一证人保护制度与保障被告人对质权具有刑事诉讼法价值取向上的冲突，在厘清二者关系的同时探寻一条完善我国刑事证人出庭制度的新路径应当是解决我国刑事案件证人出庭问题的应然选择。     

On the Legitimacy of the Defense Lawyer Verifying the Evidence with the Defendant Fully before Trial

Since 2012 when the Criminal Procedure Law stipulated that the defense counsel can verify evidence with the defendant at the prosecution stage, the theoretical circle and the practical circle debated over the scope of the evidence for verification. On the basis of understanding the purpose of verification of evidence in a narrow sense, the side of the scope-limitation argued that the type, the scope of previewing evidence verification, and the right of checking only belong to lawyer. However, from the legislative reasons to protect the defendant's effective quality certificate, to maintain the basic structure that the lawyer verifies the evidence with the defendant, and to prepare effectively for the defense, the defendant should conduct a comprehensive examination of the evidence. Therefore, the defense lawyer verifying the evidence fully with the defendant has legitimacy.     

论高校学生违纪处理的正当程序

作为一项宪法原则的正当程序,如今已扩展适用至所有权力行使领域。高校学生违纪处理也需要树立正当程序的理念,以查清事实、吸纳不满情绪、增加对处理结果的接受度。高校学生违纪处理正当程序包括以下几方面的要求：处理依据的合法性、公开性,学生申辩权的保障,违纪处理中的以人为本原则以及完备的违纪处理救济途径。     

现代犯罪观:自然权利背后的优势补偿

社会化和犯罪化是抑制乃至剥夺个人自然权利的过程,要使惩罚犯罪具有合理性,必须使个人的自然权利兑换成社会权利;只有社会权利能够给个人带来较自然权利更多的利益,改变个人的生存结构,令其从自然状态过渡到社会框架下才具有合理性。在惩罚犯罪时,必须考虑犯罪乃个人自然权利体现的基本事实;而量定责任时,也需考虑自然权利兑换社会权利不能的情形,适度对自然权利所代表的竞争优势给予补偿。     

论我国刑事诉讼中被追诉人的测谎权

山木集团前总裁宋山木强奸案向我们提出了被追诉人有无权利要求测谎的问题。只要在刑事诉讼中允许使用测谎技术,无论是允许其作为证据使用还是仅仅将其作为审查判断证据的手段,被追诉人单方面向法院申请测谎,实质上均是一种试图向法院澄清事实真相的诉讼证明行为。被追诉人的测谎权是一种相对权,而非绝对权。鉴于我国目前的现实情况,测谎只能作为审查判断言词证据的方法,尚不能作为独立的证据适用,因此法院是否批准被追诉人的测谎申请,应以有测谎之必要为前提。